Rikicin Bahar Maliya na iya kawo cikas ga jigilar kayayyaki a duniya
Bahar Maliyarikicin na iya rushe jigilar kayayyaki a duniya,
Bahar Maliya,
Menene CTUVus & ETL CERTIFICATION?
OSHA (Mai Kula da Tsaro da Lafiyar Ma'aikata), mai alaƙa da US DOL (Sashen Ma'aikata), yana buƙatar duk samfuran da za a yi amfani da su a wurin aiki dole ne a gwada su da takaddun shaida ta NRTL kafin a sayar da su a kasuwa.Ma'auni na gwaji sun haɗa da ma'aunin Cibiyar Matsayin Ƙasa ta Amirka (ANSI);Ma'auni na Ƙungiyar Gwaji ta Amirka (ASTM), Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (UL).
▍OSHA, NRTL, cTUVus, ETL da UL ma'anar ma'anar da dangantaka
OSHA:Taƙaitawar Tsaron Ma'aikata da Gudanar da Lafiya.Yana da alaƙa da US DOL (Sashen Ma'aikata).
NRTL:Taƙaitaccen dakin gwaje-gwajen da aka gane a ƙasa.Ita ce ke kula da tabbatar da Lab.Ya zuwa yanzu, akwai cibiyoyin gwaji na ɓangare na uku 18 da NRTL ta amince da su, gami da TUV, ITS, MET da sauransu.
cTUVus:Takaddun shaida na TUVRh a Arewacin Amurka.
ETL:Taƙaitaccen Laboratory Testing Electrical na Amurka.An kafa shi a cikin 1896 ta Albert Einstein, mai ƙirƙira ɗan Amurka.
UL:Rahoto kan sakamakon kudi na kamfanin Underwriter Laboratories Inc., Underwriter Laboratories Inc.
▍Bambanci tsakanin cTUVus, ETL & UL
| Abu | UL | cTUVus | ETL |
| Daidaitaccen aiki | Haka | ||
| Cibiyar da ta cancanci samun takardar shaida | NRTL (Labarin da aka yarda da ƙasa) | ||
| Kasuwar da aka yi amfani da ita | Arewacin Amurka (Amurka da Kanada) | ||
| Cibiyar gwaji da takaddun shaida | Underwriter Laboratory (China) Inc yana yin gwaji da fitar da wasiƙar ƙarshe na aikin | MCM yana yin gwaji da takaddun shaida na TUV | MCM yana yin gwaji da takaddun shaida na TUV |
| Lokacin jagora | 5-12W | 2-3W | 2-3W |
| Kudin aikace-aikace | Mafi girma a cikin takwarorinsu | Game da 50 ~ 60% na farashin UL | Game da 60 ~ 70% na farashin UL |
| Amfani | Cibiyar gida ta Amurka wacce ke da kyakkyawar fahimta a Amurka da Kanada | Cibiyar kasa da kasa tana da iko kuma tana ba da farashi mai ma'ana, Arewacin Amurka kuma ta gane shi | Cibiyar Amurka ce da ke da kyakkyawar fahimta a Arewacin Amurka |
| Hasara |
| Ƙarƙashin alamar alama fiye da na UL | Ƙarƙashin ganewa fiye da na UL a cikin takaddun shaida na ɓangaren samfur |
▍Me yasa MCM?
● Taimako mai laushi daga cancanta da fasaha:A matsayin dakin gwaje-gwaje na shaida na TUVRH da ITS a cikin Takaddun shaida na Arewacin Amurka, MCM yana iya yin kowane nau'in gwaji da samar da mafi kyawun sabis ta hanyar musayar fasahar fuska da fuska.
● Taimako mai ƙarfi daga fasaha:MCM sanye take da duk kayan aikin gwaji don batura masu girma, ƙanana da ingantattun ayyuka (watau motar tafi da gidanka ta lantarki, makamashin ajiya, da samfuran dijital na lantarki), waɗanda ke iya ba da sabis na gwajin batir gabaɗaya da sabis na takaddun shaida a Arewacin Amurka, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙa'idodi. UL2580, UL1973, UL2271, UL1642, UL2054 da sauransu.
Bahar maliya ita ce hanya daya tilo da jiragen ruwa ke tafiya tsakanin Tekun Atlantika da Indiya.Tana kusa da mahaɗar nahiyoyi biyu na Asiya da Afirka.Ƙarshen kudancinta ya haɗu da Tekun Larabawa da Tekun Indiya ta mashigin Bab el-Mandeb, kuma ƙarshensa na arewa ya haɗu da Tekun Bahar Rum da Tekun Atlantika ta hanyar Suez Canal.Hanya ta Bab el-Mandeb Strait, Red Sea da Suez Canal na ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki a duniya.Ya kamata a halin yanzu mashigar ruwa ta Suez ta zama babbar hanyar sufuri a duniya, musamman lokacin da mashigin ruwan Panama ke fuskantar matsanancin karancin ruwa a halin yanzu da kuma rage karfin zirga-zirga.A matsayin babban tashar kewayawa don Asiya-Turai, Asiya-Mediterranean, da Asiya- Gabas ta Amurka, hanyar Suez Canal, tasirinsa akan kasuwancin duniya da jigilar kayayyaki yana ƙara mahimmanci.A cewar Neue Zürcher Zeitung, kusan kashi 12% na jigilar kayayyaki na duniya suna ratsa ta tekun Bahar Maliya da Suez Canal.
Tun bayan barkewar wani sabon zagaye na rikicin Falasdinu da Isra'ila, dakarun Houthi na Yemen suka sha kaddamar da hare-haren makamai masu linzami da marasa matuka kan Isra'ila bisa dalilan "tallafawa Falasdinu" kuma suna ci gaba da kai hari kan jiragen ruwa "da ke da alaka da Isra'ila" a cikin tekun Bahar Rum.Bisa la'akari da labarai da ake samu akai-akai game da hare-haren jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci a kusa da Tekun Bahar Maliya-Mandeb, yawancin masu jigilar kayayyaki a duniya - Swiss Mediterranean, Danish Maersk, Faransa CMA CGM, Jamus Hapag-Lloyd, da dai sauransu sun sanar da kauce wa Red Sea. Hanyar teku.Ya zuwa ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2023, manyan kamfanonin sufurin jiragen ruwa guda biyar na duniya sun ba da sanarwar dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa a kan hanyar ruwan Red Sea-Suez.Bugu da kari, COSCO, Orient Overseas Shipping (OOCL) da Evergreen Marine Corporation (EMC) sun ce jiragen ruwan nasu za su dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa a tekun Bahar Maliya.A wannan lokaci, manyan kamfanonin jigilar kaya na duniya sun fara ko kuma sun kusa dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa a kan hanyar Red Sea-Suez.
Rikicin Bahar Maliya ya hana yin rajista a duk hanyoyin da ke zuwa yamma a Gabashin Asiya, ciki har da Gabas ta Tsakiya, Bahar Maliya, Arewacin Afirka, Bahar Maliya, Gabashin Bahar Rum, yammacin Bahar Rum da arewa maso yammacin Turai.
